6.1
Deciduous Shrubs may be:
(1)    Bare Root
(2)    Balled and Burlapped
(3)    Balled and Field Potted
(4)    Processed Balled
(5)    Container Grown
(6)    In-ground Fabric Containers

6.2
Descriptions: Deciduous shrubs are considered under 4 groups, according to their habit, number of canes and root spread.

6.2.1
Dwarf Shrubs: This group seldom exceeds 100 cm at maturity.

Examples:
Cotoneaster adpressus var. praecox
Hypericum kalmianum
Potentilla fruticosa
Spiraea bumalda ‘Anthony Waterer’
Symphoricarpos chenaultii ‘Hancock’
Viburnum opulus ‘Nanum’

Canes and Root Spread in Relation to Height

Height	Minimum # of Canes	Minimum Root Spread
20 - 30 cm	3	15 cm
30 - 40 cm	4	20 cm
40 - 50 cm	4	25 cm
50 - 60 cm	5	25 cm
60 - 80 cm	5	30 cm
80 - 100 cm	6	35 cm

6.2.2
Medium Growing Shrubs: Mainly compact growing shrubs, usually not greater than 200 cm at maturity.

Examples:
Chaenomeles speciosa
Euonymus alata
Philadelphus coronarius ‘Aureus’
Rosa rugosa
Spiraea x vanhouttei

Canes and Root Spread in Relation to Height

Height	Minimum # of Canes	Minimum Root Spread
20 - 30 cm	3	15 cm
30 - 40 cm	4	20 cm
40 - 50 cm	4	25 cm
50 - 60 cm	4	30 cm
60 - 80 cm	5	35 cm
80 - 100 cm	5	40 cm
100 - 125 cm	5	50 cm
125 - 150 cm	6	60 cm
150 - 175 cm	6	60 cm
175 - 200 cm	7	65 cm

6.2.3
Tall Growing Shrubs of Substantial Habit: This group includes tall growing shrubs that generally grow to 200 cm or more at maturity.

Examples:
Acanthopanax sieboldianus
Cornus alternifolia
Lonicera tall types     
Philadelphus tall types
Prunus triloba ‘Multiplex’   
Sambucus nigra ‘Aurea’    
Syringa chinensis
Syringa vulgaris
Viburnum opulus
Viburnum lantana
Ribes sanguineum


Canes and Root Spread in Relation to Height

Height	Minimum # of Canes	Minimum Root Spread
20 - 30 cm	3	15 cm
30 - 40 cm	4	20 cm
40 - 50 cm	4	25 cm
50 - 60 cm	4	30 cm
60 - 80 cm	5	35 cm
80 - 100 cm	5	40 cm
100 - 125 cm	5	50 cm
125 - 150 cm	6	60 cm
150 - 175 cm	6	60 cm
175 - 200 cm	7	65 cm

6.2.4
Tall  Growing  Shrubs  of  Slender  Habit: This group includes tall growing shrubs of 200 cm or more at maturity.

Examples:
Caragana arborescens    
Euonymus europaeus      
Syringa reticulata     
Tamarix ramosissima
Viburnum lentago


Canes and Root Spread in Relation to Height

Height	Minimum # of Canes	Minimum Root Spread
40 - 50 cm	3	25 cm
50 - 60 cm	3	25 cm
60 - 80 cm	3	30 cm
80 - 100 cm	3	30 cm
100 - 125 cm	4	40 cm
125 - 150 cm	4	45 cm
150 - 175 cm	4	50 cm
175 - 200 cm	4	55 cm
200 - 250 cm	4	60 cm
250 - 300 cm	5	65 cm

6.3
Digging Standards
These standards include bare root, balled and burlapped, balled and field potted and processed ball.

Root and ball sizes should always be of a width and depth to encompass enough of the fibrous and absorptive root system to enable full recovery of the plant.

Plant trunks should be centred in the root ball.


6.3.1
Bare Root
All bare root shrubs must have a well branched root system characteristic of the species.  Root sizes must conform to the tables in Section 6.2.


6.3.2
Balled and Burlapped
Balls must be solid, remain intact until planted and be tied tightly with burlap and rope. Using 140g jute burlap, balls may be dug up to 40 cm diameter without the support of heavy twine.  Root ball sizes must conform to the tables in Section 6.2.

6.3.3
Balled and Field Potted
Plants dug with an intact soil ball, placed in a container (in lieu of burlap) must have root ball sizes that conform to the tables in Section 6.2.

6.3.4
Processed Ball
Plants dug bare root, while dormant, to which a moist medium is added around the roots to form a ball shall have a well branched root system characteristic of the species. Root size must conform to the tables in Section 6.2.

6.4
Container Grown Standards
All standards of nursery stock shall be applicable to container grown shrubs.

Roots shall be healthy, vigorous and well rooted. Plants must be grown in the container for a minimum of three months or have a well developed root system reaching the sides of the container to maintain a firm ball.

The container shall be sufficiently rigid to hold the root shape during the handling and shipping.

All plants shall be specified by both plant size and container size. Plant size shall agree with the descriptions in Section 6.2.  Container sizes shall agree with the descriptions in Section 6.4.1.  Plant age is usually not specified but may be requested by the purchaser.

Transplant plants into larger containers after two years.

6.4.1
Container Size
Container size should be adequate to provide sufficient space for growing medium and root growth.

Container size in relation to plant size will vary with section of the country and growth established practice.

The following table provides a guide to container size.

Height	Minimum # of Canes	Container Size
15 - 40 cm	3	#1
25 - 60 cm	4	#2
30 - 80 cm	4	#3
40 - 100 cm	5	#5
60 - 150 cm	6	#7 & #10